The Lords Baltimore and Their Impact on American History

The Lords Baltimore and Their Impact on American History Baron, or Lord, Baltimore is a now  extinct title of nobility in the Peerage of Ireland. Baltimore is an Anglicization of the Irish phrase baile an thà ­ mhà ³ir e, which means town of the big house.   The title was first created for Sir George Calvert in 1624. The title became extinct in 1771 after the death of the 6th Baron.  Sir George and his son, Cecil Calvert, were British subjects rewarded with land in the new world.   Cecil Calvert was the 2nd Lord Baltimore. It is after him that the Maryland city of Baltimore is named after. Thus, in American history, Lord Baltimore usually refers to Cecil Calvert. George Calvert George was an English politician who served as  Secretary of State  to King James I. In 1625, he was given the title Baron Baltimore when he resigned from his official position.​ George became invested in the colonization of the Americas. While initially for commercial incentives, George later realized colonies in the New World could become a refuge for English Catholics and a place for religious freedom in general. The Calvert family was Roman Catholic, a religion which most inhabitants of the New World and followers of the Church of England were prejudiced against. In 1625, Geroge publicly declared his Catholicism. Involving himself with colonies in the Americas, he was at first rewarded with a title to land in Avalon, Newfoundland in present-day Canada. To expand on what he already had, George asked the son of James I, Charles I, for  a royal charter to settle the land north of Virginia. This region would later become the state of  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Maryland. This land was not signed over until 5-weeks after his death. Subsequently, the charter and land settlement was left to his son, Cecil Calvert. Cecil Calvert Cecil was born in 1605 and died in 1675. When Cecil, second Lord Baltimore, founded the colony of Maryland, he expanded on his fathers ideas of freedom of religion and separation of church and state. In 1649, Maryland passed the  Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion. This act mandated religious tolerance  for Trinitarian Christians only. Once the act was passed, it became  the first law establishing a religious tolerance in British North American colonies. Cecil wanted  this law to also  protect Catholic settlers and others who  did not conform to the established state  Church of England.  Maryland, in fact, became known as a haven for Roman Catholics in the New World. Cecil governed Maryland for 42 years. Other Maryland cities and counties honor Lord Baltimore by naming themselves after him. For instance, there is Calvert County, Cecil County, and Calvert Cliffs.

Leda and the swan essays

Leda and the swan essays Leda and the swan was written by William Butler Yeats in 1924, a widely anthologized piece with several interpertations. The most commonly accepted version tells a tale of Zeus in the form of a swan coming to earth and impregnating the youthful Leda. As a result of this intercourse Leda produces an egg which brought forth the beautiful Helen of Troy. In a less Literal translation it is written up as "the manifestation of Yeats' unrequited love from Maud Gonne". (Holstad) Miss Gonne being a fellow mystic, member of the 'Heretic Order of the Golden Dawn'. A system where in members believed that physical connection lessons the creativity of the soul and there by only interacts with Yeats on a metaphysical plain during dreams or meditation, has drivn him to vent his human frustration in a literary Yeats cleanses himself of these emotions, in the form of a traditional Italian Sonnet. A poem of Fourteen lines consisting of two stanzas,one Octave and one sestet, allowing for a repetitive ABAB rhyme scheme. It also has multiple allussions to Greek Mythology largely inpart to the fact that it is written about Zeus, lord of the Greek gods. Yet that is not its only mention of said mythology, he also mentions Helen of Troy, Agamemnon and his tratorius wife -who goes un-named but dearly mentioned in his line "The broken wall, the burning roof and tower and Agamemnon dead"-(Kennedy) The imagery of the poem helps to depict the two beings by illistrating the concrete form of Leda against the more abstract shape of the swan. (Hargrove) Where in Leda is spoken of throughout the poem as "her thighs", "her nape", "her helpless breasts" as the Swan is never literaly called Zeus or even a swan it is merely mentioned as "great wings" "dark webs" "white rush" and "feathered glory". leaving a much fainter vi ...

The Evolution of Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Evolution of Work - Essay Example This paper will show that the very definition of work has changed as history progressed which, in turn, was due to extensive economic development. As parameters for this essay, it will first detail the general meaning of work then it will focus on the American sense of work ethics. For the following paragraphs, this paper will expound on the historical context of work. It will then relate work to the religion of American Protestantism. Thereafter, the significant changes in American work ethics will be tackled with relations to historical progress and economic development. In the denotative aspect of work, the word means the physical or mental effort and activity directed towards the production or the accomplishment of a particular task. The applications of this word towards everyday life give work a complex meaning due to the ever changing events in human activity. It is in this sense that historical contextualization becomes important in the understanding of the development of the word. One notable event in history which gave work a turning definition was during the 15th to the 16th centuries where the Age of Navigation was at its height and the colonial period took its hold upon history. What was the primary objective of work during such period? Work and its meaning can be defined in two ways: one was in the context of the colonizers, and the other was in the context of the colonized.... The objectives of the colonizers sounded good because they had this promise of a better life for the un-colonized. Education and the introduction of civilization through conquest was the primary way of bringing the good life that they were experiencing at their homelands. This definition was not the same for the colonized. For the natives of the Western colonizers, the definition of work was a form of acculturation and conforming to the demands of their masters (Geddes). Although the promise of a better life through economic development was presented as a compromise of being colonies, the ultimate benefit of this process of colonization was one-sided – it was only beneficial to the colonizers. Exploitation of natural resources and the development of slavery were the major products of this period in history. It was the burden of the Western powers to civilize the natives and to take the economic advantages for themselves as part of development for their motherland (Geddes). Hen ce, work for the colonized natives meant the physical aspect of its denotative definition. They were subjected into forced labour, like that of the corvee of the British Empire in India. Work for the colonized was difficult because they had to endure the dictates of the colonizers accompanied by eventual abuses by their masters (Geddes). As economic development happened with historical progress, the definition of work became complex. Mercantilism was shut down and capitalism took its beginnings through the Industrial Revolution of the 18th century. It was in this moment that complexity in work entered due to the technological developments of that time. New machinery was introduced;

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business - Essay Example In general, the role of MIS in terms of a DSS is to analyze and process business data that will aid business decision making efficiently (Nowduri 2011). For instance, MIS provides comparative sales figures pertaining to a week, revenue figures projected on assumptions of a new product and history of decisions or workarounds performed (Nowduri 2011). Types of information Systems Following are the five kinds of information system (Asemi, Safari et al. 2011) Office information system (OIS) Transaction processing system (TPS) Management information system (MIS) Decision support system (DSS) Expert system (ES) The hardware’s, software’s and networks are utilizes by the office information system (OIS) in order to improve the communication as, well as the work flow between the employees. In addition with the help of automated information system users can perform several tasks electronically while using other electronic devices such as computers etc. for instance, it is easy fo r a registration department to e-mail the class schedule to the students through internet. On the other hand if the information system is not implemented then manually the registration department has to photocopy the schedule and post it to the student’s house. The transaction processing system delineates the everyday transactions held by the organizations. Its main purpose is to confine and to develop the information that is produced by the organizations. The term transaction is described as the everyday business activities for example cash deposits, payments, orders or reservations. In fact, this activity is significantly performed by the accounting staff. The management information system (MIS) is a kind of information system that produces such information that is precise, appropriate and well structured. In addition, this information is utilizing by the managers and the other users in order to make right decisions, solves troubles, track progresses, provides reports on re gular basis (Awais, Samin et al. 2011) and manages activities. Therefore, the management information system (MIS) is also known as the management reporting systems (MRS). Furthermore, three fundamental kinds of information are provided via MIS such as (Awais, Samin et al. 2011): Example of detail report is Detailed Order Report. Example of summary report is an Inventory Summary. Example of exception report is an Inventory Exception Report. In a decision making situations an information system i.e. Decision Support System (DSS) is produced that can help the users to achieve better decisions. The data that is used by the Decision Support Systems (DSS) is either from internal or from external source. (Awais, Samin et al. 2011) The Internal sources of data might include sales, manufacturing, inventory, or financial data from an organization’s database. Data from external sources could include interest rates, population trends, and costs of new housing construction or raw material pricing. However, DSS provides a series of excellent decision making techniques. The Expert System is an information system that is designed to incarcerate and store data from human experts. Moreover, this information is utilized by the less expert employees that lack good decision making skills. This Expert System (ES) is based on two components such as, knowledge base and inference rules. Discussion One of the tight-spot in this research paper is that today managers are

The creation and growth of, The National Association for the Essay

The creation and growth of, The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, after the Springfield Race Riot of 1 - Essay Example The Association is capable of bringing a shared national weight and personal local forces upon each aspect of the Negro's struggle for fairness of nationality. It encompasses the total collection of civil rights action and its constant programs of public awareness as well as its legal triumphs have made key contributions to the insurrection in race that is now witnessed. In one way or another, it has moved by far the irresistible mass of present leaders of the Negro society through its ranks. This includes several of those currently heading other civil rights groups. Moreover, it functions as a source of information and direction and as a clearing-house for private associations and government and for the majority of the broad public who refer to it for support every year. The association anticipates expanding its agenda to contain active concern with problems of community orientation, scarcity and retraining. This paper seeks to discuss the roots and foundation of the association and its development. It will also seek to explain its organization, its mandates and achievements throughout its growth. Introduction National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is the biggest, oldest and most powerful civil rights organization in the United States. ... According to the fourteenth revision, blacks were full citizens of the United States, and were given the right to equal protection of the law as any other citizen1. The Association acts as a legal support society at the local level, but in fighting for the rights of black Americans at the national level, it chooses cases for their strategic significance, and in so far as possible goes in the courts only where there is good possibility of victory. The organization is an interracial society, but its membership is preponderantly black. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People legal defense and education fund established in 1939 is a related but officially separate organization with a staff of lawyers2. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is one of the most important societies in the United States promoting and attending courts for Africans Americans and other minority groups. The duty of the Association is dual: to wipe out racial prejudi ce, and to accomplish the legal, cultural, social and economic fairness of minority groups. Started in 1905 by a set of social activists, the organization primarily demanded the eradication of all differences in law and policy based on race or color. The primary official meeting of the Association was held in 1909. By 1945, the Association could boast of more than 1,600 branches and 300,000 members. More significantly, the organization had embarked on achieving reliability among lawmakers and using its power in the courts3. Lack of competition is one feature that is most outstanding about the debates among civil rights activists. There was no significance competition between the private civil rights bar and the Department

Policy Development & Evaluation 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Policy Development & Evaluation 2 - Essay Example m in minimizing rent loss through reducing length of the void period and void repair costs; set in place systems to monitor the standards of void properties and resident satisfaction with their new homes. The strategy will ensure that the residents are aware of their repair responsibilities and end of tenancy obligations. The strategy will be used in conjunction with the most recent housing needs survey and allocations policy to ensure that the property is well used and in such a way that meets local demand in a fair and equitable way. The aims of this strategy will be achieved by collaborating with the residents. Rental housing is the main shelter for low-income and middle-income earners. This is due to the fact that buying a home or a house is very expensive and beyond the reach of such people in the society. This therefore makes such people to live in affordable rental houses which they can pay at the end of the month or the period agreed between the resident/tenant and the owner of the property which is the house. Here are a number of factors which contribute to tenants or residents leaving the building and moving to another building to seek shelter. This leads to the property being empty and therefore losses are incurred due to lack of rental income. The recent economic downturn in the past few years has shown that many people are moving from home ownership to renting houses. This has been as a result of several factors such as: low income, increased rate of unemployment, inflation and hard economic times. A good example is the American economic situation which resulted in horrific conse quences for the mortgage industry. According to Rebecca Cohen, Keith Wardrip, and Laura Williams in their article, Rental Housing Affordability – A Review of Current Research, the drastic increase in renters in American society has resulted in 21.3 million more renters between the years of 2004 to 2007. This has led to the need for sufficient rental properties. Minimizing

Good and Evil Essay Example for Free

Good and Evil Essay There are many different viewpoints on what is right and wrong and ethically and morally correct. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) and Jon Stuart Mill (1806-1873), both considered to be two of the best philosophers of all time, had different views on how one should live the Good Life. John Stuart Mill’s theory was called Utilitarianism and Kant’s theory, the Categorical Imperative. Immanuel Kant believed that it was more important for a person to have moral values than to be intelligent, funny, or to have any other talents or traits of the human mind or body. He believed of course that it was good to have these talents but that â€Å"moral worth† was invaluable. Kant expressed, â€Å"to act morally is to act from no other motive than the motive of doing what is right† (Sommers Sommers, 2010, p. 230). Kant believed that morality was not just about the results or effect of an action but the will behind the action. He believed that our actions must come from a sense of Duty, not because we care for or love one another but because it is our Duty to â€Å"respect the Moral Law† (p. 246). Judging the importance of a decision based on whether or not it was following a rule or set of rules is called deontological ethics. He believed that it was not the consequences of the action which were important but the person’s motive carrying out the said action. Many disagree with Kant saying that we must have a foundation to start from, a reason such as love or concern to do what is morally correct. John Stuart Mill believed that our actions must promote happiness to all involved, not just the person doing the action for it to be morally correct. Mill endorsed the â€Å"principle of utility† thus that actions are correct if they produce happiness and wrong if resulting in the opposite of happiness. Mill’s version of the Golden Rule is â€Å"To do as you would be done by, and to love your neighbor as yourself† (p. 211). Mill defended Utilitarianism saying that the result and consequences of the action, to produce happiness that is, would make the said action correct. This is called the Greatest Happiness Principle. Utilitarianism is not based on the happiness or satisfaction of one individual but of the whole mass or group of people involved, â€Å"the welfare of all citizens† (Rachels Rachels, 2012, p. 101). Casablanca In the movie Casablanca, the main character, Rick Blaine believed in living the Good Life just like John Stuart Mill. He also was concerned with the consequences of action. Rick also seemed to be like Kant in that he had a strong sense of duty professionally. Rick had a duty to himself, which he made clear on many occasions, but also had a duty to his acquaintances and patrons of his cabaret’. Rick made decisions to promote happiness, like Mill, but his decisions were based on selfish reasons. If others were happy he would make more money. Rick could have been considered a Utilitarian because he made decisions many times to put the happiness of the group ahead of the happiness of one individual, hence the second proposition of Classical Utilitarianism; â€Å"An action’s consequences matter only insofar as they involve the greater or lesser happiness of individual’s† (Rachels Rachels, p. 110, para. 1). In the beginning, Rick made the decision to let the police take Ugarte into custody so as not to disrupt the rest of the patrons. He also did it to make himself happy so that he would not have any problems with the authorities, so his establishment would run smoother, and also so he would be able to have the exit visas that Ugarte had given him to hold onto. In the beginning Rick was only concerned with his own happiness and he states this early on when he said, â€Å"I stick my neck out for nobody. † But, as the story progresses it seems that Rick started to make decisions to benefit others, not just him. When a young woman approached him and told him her story of wanting to get to America he rigged the game to benefit her and her husband so that they would have the money to buy their passes. This would benefit both the man and woman, make him appear good, benefit his acquaintance who sold the visas, and in-turn would probably come back to benefit him again. As stated earlier, Kant believed that one should have a moral obligation to do what is right and that it comes from a person’s pure sense of duty not from any emotion. Kant strictly â€Å"denied that emotions could have any foundation for morality† at all and that we should actually â€Å"discipline our feelings by reason† (Betzler, 2008, p. 308). Kant actually believed that it is an obligation and it is required to do what is morally right. This is how Rick appeared to be throughout until he came into contact with his old love, Ilsa. Ilsa seemed to bring out the best in him. When he realized how much he really cared for Ilsa and loved her, he only wanted to see her happy even if it was not with him. In the end he made a decision for the greater good of all involved instead of just himself. He helped Ilsa and her husband leave Casablanca even though he knew he would get into trouble. Rick showed his real sense of moral value when he did this. Another character that also showed his morality was Captain Renault. He helped Rick many times and recognized his good intentions towards others at the end of the movie. It appeared as if Captain Renault was impressed by Rick putting Ilsa and Victor Laszlo first even though it meant he would not have her anymore. Captain Renault covered for Rick in the end so that Rick would not be arrested. Captain Renault also showed that he was looking out for the benefit of the group not just one person when he did this. So, who is to say what makes an action right or wrong? Does the action have to be backed by a sense of duty or should it be driven by love and compassion for others? Is it not only the consequence of the action that matters? If good comes from the action and the action comes from the heart, thus is it not good? Kant believed that â€Å"love and compassion should not be allowed to cooperate in the performance of Duty† (p. 247). Cannot Duty, love, compassion, and friendship work together to make a decision right and justified with the end result being happiness? References Betzler, M. (2008). Kant’s ethics of virtue. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN: 9783110177282 Rachels, J. Rachels, S. (2012). The elements of moral philosophy (7th ed. ). New York, New York: McGraw Hill Sommers, C. H. Sommers, F. (2010). Vice and virtue in everyday life: Introductory reading in ethics (8th ed. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth